Assignment 1- Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Task 1-Accounting - Essay Example In a monetary record, the total of the considerable number of liabilities and the value of an association ought to be equivalent to the benefits; as all the advantages would either be financed through taking up liabilities or giving value to the investors. Hence, Resources are the financial assets that are claimed by an association. They might be unmistakable in nature, for example, building, stock, money, debt claims and so forth., or immaterial in nature, for example, positive attitude. Comprehensively, there are two sorts of benefits; Fixed and Current Assets. Flows resources are resources which can be handily changed over into money, for example, stock and records receivable. Resources which can't be effectively changed over into money, for example, land, structures are known as fixed resources. Liabilities are obligation that is held by an association. An association may have taken up obligation from its providers, or banks, or sellers and loan bosses. This area shows all the cash that an association needs to pay off, for the time being or in the long terms. The third area, Equity, is another strategy for fund-raising, where offers are given to investors and cash is taken from them with the end goal of the business. Offers assistance the investors become part proprietors of the association. Asset report gives data with respect to the patterns that are available identified with an association in regards to the components of the monetary record. A similar investigation of monetary record things, for example, money due, creditor liabilities would help distinguish drifts throughout the years with respect to these advantages and liabilities. Or on the other hand are the money saves declining throughout the years; the financial specialists may then look profoundly into the issue to see the purpose for it. To put it plainly, it gives the changing situation of the association throughout the years; in a benefit and misfortune explanation, the data is relating to that specific year as it were. Fixed Assets are a piece of the Assets; they are those benefits of the association which can't be effectively changed over into

Competency Goal 6 Cda

Gayle Y. Garrett Competency Goal VI To keep up a guarantee to demonstrable skill Function Area 13: Professionalism As an expert, I advance kid improvement, learning and fabricate family and network connections. I keep on going to proficient improvement meetings and read articles about youth. I am a consistent, cooperative student who exhibits information in my field from a wide range of sources. The Philadelphia School District furnishes the Head Start staff with numerous in-administration preparing programs that are incorporated with my calendar. My on location proficient advancement manages zones, for example, the educational plan, nourishment, wellbeing, psychological wellness, vocation improvement and parent inclusion. As an instructor colleague, I do on-going perception of the understudies in the study hall; I accumulate data about numerous aptitudes on an agenda. This incorporates composing, print mindfulness, language, and the intentional utilization of materials. At the point when I do perceptions, they incorporate nitty gritty notes so I can relate them all the more effectively to a large number of the objectives and destinations set for the youngsters. I center around four kids per day and go through around 15 minutes during rest time investigating my perceptions. I ensure the study hall is organized so that there are intriguing hands-on exercises for all kids. Likewise, I orchestrate space so the kids can explore all through the space securely. I help pick exercises that best meet all children’s capacities. Additionally, I member in helping the youngsters at eating times, I manage them washing their hands when every dinner. I have the kids help with preparing the tables, educate them to keep all food and utensils on the placemats, and urge them to utilize all utensils. I sit at the table with the youngsters and model suitable supper time conduct. At the point when I sit with the kids at supper time, it is an open door for language and social turn of events. I urge the youngsters to take an interest in discussions. I likewise lead circle time exercises and help the kids with finishing their diaries and composing their name on their name strips. As an expert, I converse with the guardians about the Head Start program. I work with the Head Start Family Service laborer, Special Needs Coordinator, Nutrition Representative, Education Coordinator, Head Teacher and the Principal of the school. I work helpfully with them to keep my study hall and understudies on the way so every kid can arrive at their objectives. Also, I demonstrate a guarantee to polished methodology by showing information in youngster care administration. As an expert, I work with little youngsters and their families. I am educated in youngster care benefits and can give data and bolster when required. Taking everything into account, polished methodology is a critical region when working in Early Childhood. I am decide to be the most expert instructor collaborator for my educator, understudies, and guardians.

Dave Sifry

Dave Sifry INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi today we are in San Francisco with Dave from Technorati. Dave, who are you and what do you do?Dave: My name is Dave Sifry and I am the founder and have done a bunch of different jobs over in Technorati.Martin: Okay.Martin: Please introduce yourself and tell us a little bit about your background, what you did before you started this company.Dave: Sure. So, I grew up in Long Island, a suburb of New York and I grew up with just two terrific parents, both of them who were teachers. And I think that that actually brought out this they taught something to me around the joy of watching somebody’s lights go on, like watching them when they really get something and that was really something I enjoyed. But at the same time I was also a very nervous and geeky kid.So my dad as a teacher one summer brought home my first computer which was a commodore pet, the big metal computer with the chicklet keyboard and literally a cassette tape drive. And he said, ‘You know, I am bringing this home so it doesn’t get stolen’, because he worked Bushwick which was not a very good neighborhood. Nowadays, it’s actually great neighborhood in Brooklyn but back then it was not a terribly good neighborhood and they had security guards on the doors in the schools and so on. So he brought it home and said, ‘Go do whatever you want with it’. And I was fascinated, I mean I just took to it and it spent the entire summer just teaching myself how to program Basic. And I wrote my first programs and you can get that incredible sense of just like what does it feel like to build something by yourself and sort of be the master of that little world and that was great and I really enjoyed it and got a number of different computers.When I got into high school, I got social again, like I really wanted to be able to go out and engage with the world. And I realized that wow, like there are all these skills, these things that I can do where I can help people, they would come to me and they was like, ‘Oh we have these consulting projects like could you build this for me or build that for me’? For them I could imagine they were probably thinking of, ‘I got this high school and he’s building this thing that I would have to spend thousands of dollars on, I give him a few hundred dollars’. And for me I was like, wow, this is fabulous, this is more money than I have seen, than my parents have ever given me. And so I got really bitten by the entrepreneurial bug.In college I studied computer science down at Baltimore and during the summers and even during the year like I would have a computer consultant business on the side just to be able to pay the bills and pay my way through college and that was fabulous like really just enjoyed it. Just loved selling, I loved being able to help people solve their problems and it was great having a skill that for me was easy and fun and that for other people like they were getting a tremendous amount of value fro m it.And when I got out of college I went to my first big company where I went to work for Mitsubishi Electric in Japan and I spent there about three and a half years being the first foreigner in my factory in 17 years so it was like me and 4,700 Japanese people. And that was a fantastic experience just in a different way to be able to see what it’s like to live in another culture and to learn to speak Japanese and to see how other people live. But also on the other side it really thought me, ‘Oh, so this is what working in a big company is like’. And I realized that that was just really unsatisfying for me. I love to be able to participate in decisions and see what I was doing and how it directly affected people.And also this was like the early 1990s and you know you would hear about all these magical places and a place called Sunnyvale, and Oakland, and Walnut Creek or these places that just fired the imagination; Cupertino, Mountain View, San Francisco. Just the names of i t just sounded fabulous. I knew that I wanted to come out here and went in and worked on Wall Street for about a year when I got back from Japan but that was all just a launch pad for me, like I just knew, like it was fabulous and it was great to learn something about how the market worked but all I really wanted to do was to get out here and so I came out here in 1995. My impression of Silicon Valley at the time by the way was Santa Cruz, which if you know anything about Silicon Valley, it’s sort of like, that’s way over the hill, the hippy dippy place back then. But it was great place to just at least get settled and to learn what’s going on.I get very heavily involved in the open sourced company, particularly around Linux and other open source software. So, by getting involved with that community and then reallyâ€"relatively early day, I got to know a lot of those people like, Linus Torwalds. Whenever he would come into town we would have like a user group meeting. And then as Linux was taking off, my first business it started from the consulting that I was doing, found 2 partners and we thought like let’s go and let’s go build a business together based on this, Linux based open sourced VPN system. Which now a days people think, ‘Oh, VPN sure. But back then in 1995 people were like, ‘What’s a VPN and what’s this Linux thing? And you don’t pay for it And how you guys going to make money,’, and sorts of big questions that no one really understood and could explain well. And that business didn’t really do well, but what we learned from it was we learned a tonne just about banging on doors and how to write a business plan. I mean, we ended up writing a business plan that was about that thick. And what I realized afterwards was: wow, we spent all this time writing a business plan and not very much time actually running a business; and that you can really get caught up in this idea of, ‘Ooh, we need to figure out who all of our customers are going to be, and what the competitive market place is, and how are we going to do product marketing, and then not actually ever any of that stuff. So, the other half of this was to learn that the best business plans are literally ones that I can write on the back of a napkin. Because if you can articulate your value proposition that clearly you’ve probably got something that’s going to be really interesting.But back then we didn’t know; we were kid’s; we were just figuring all this stuff out and so that business was just called Secure Remote, really justâ€"it failed. But we got to know a lot of people in the valleyVery interestingly, so this was in around September of 1998, so my two friends and I who were pretty heavily involved in Linux community realized, ‘Wow, you know what, it’s too late, we missed the boat on this particular product’. Big companies like Cisco were coming out with competitive products and so we said, ‘How about insteadâ€"like what it is tha t we are 6-9 months ahead of everything else and that we think we could actually build a business around’ and so we were all kind ofâ€"like literally we were standing in the parking lot of one the VCs here on Sand Hill road and after very nicely having our hats handed to us again like, ‘We love you guys but we just don’t see what the business is’.FOUNDING LINUXCAREAnd one of my partners said, ‘What about service for Linux, there is nobody that is out there that’s doing Tech Support or professional services or any of that stuff for this operating system?’ He was an old Apple guy and so essentially what he said was like, ‘How come there is no Apple care for Linux’ And all three of us looked at each other, we were like, ‘Oh my God, of course’ and so on that day Linuxcare was born. And that company was the exact contract where I remember we had, I mean we spent maybe a week re-writing some of the business plan and so now the business plan is this thick. And we’re just thinking, look it’s service and support for all things Linux. We knew all of the people who were involved in the community and we went to go, ‘Okay we are going to do a big launch’. We went and talked to our first PR agency just as a vendor and right as were done the woman who ran the agency, a woman who named Melody Holler said, ‘Okay I am going to take my PR agency hat off and I’m going to put my investor hat on, are you guys looking for money?’ And we all looked at each other, we’re like, ‘Oh my God’. Like we’ve been out there for like the last 2 years trying to pitch this business and we’re not even trying to pitch you and you are trying to come and give us money and that’s the power of when you have a good idea that has real value that is timed well. A lot of that is luck and a lot of that is opportunity, like I believe that people fundamentally get the same amount of luck, I mean that’s the definition of luck, it’s random but the people who ar e lucky are the ones who are prepared to do something with that. And so at the time we were prepared like we had learned from that failure before, ‘Okay, here’s what we do and here’s how we jump on it’. And within a few months we had raised five and a half million dollars from Kleiner Perkins, one of the premier Venture Capital firmsâ€"Martin: Before Launching orâ€"Dave: This is before launching.Martin: Wow, not too badDave: Absolutely. We were running around, the three of us like running around with this big check book, just five and a half million dollars and hiring all of our friends, people who we knew would be really great at this and that business really took off. It did very well and to the point in fact where we were growing so fast we had so many customers that we had to bring some outside management because the three of us were just like None of us had ever really run more than you know 5 or 6 person company at the time. So, long story short we ended up hiring a CE O who was a professional CEO who really was the wrong guy, just not the right guy for our company. And it was a good thing to learn there too around, how do you deal with a board? And when you have investors, how do you build relationships with your investors? How do you get to know your investors even before they become investors? And that was again a very common mistake I’ve learned like a lot of people make these mistakes and we need to learn then the way and the company grew from literally three of us to 480 people in 18 months.Martin: Wow!Dave: Yeah it was crazy. And we were just out growing everything and the company was just going like gangbusters and then crash hit in April of 2001. And we had filed for our IPO, we were ready to go out and you know it was crazy. And we had a bunch of internal stuff that happened as well with that CEO and I’m not going get into all the details, but suffice to say that the company did not IPO. So, what we had to do then was go through the downsizing. While it’s an incredibly painful experience, I mean we had to personally let go of a number of people who I really deeply cared for, it’s just one of those things that you have to learn if you’re going to be build a business around. How do I set things up so that number one, the organization that we are building is going to be one that is going to be building revenue and building profits and it’s going to really sustain itself; and then number two, when business conditions change, how do you make that hard decision. So, how do you set up relationships in advance so that people will understand, ‘Look we’re friends and I love you and I want to spend time with you and I had a great time with you but also we’re in business together, so we need to be careful thatâ€"I don’t want the friendship to be destroyed because of any potential business things that happened’. So anyway, that was a great opportunity, I was CTO there and I got to meet some fabulous people who really really worked hard to build that company up. And I left there in about 2002 and took a little bit of time off, because that was a real burn out experience. I have met a lot of entrepreneurs who have been through this, where even when you have a successful exit you just get really physically, mentally and spiritually drained. And I think that’s what happened for me as well.So, I took a bit off time of and I was like, ‘That’s it, I am done, I don’t want to be an entrepreneur anymore, I just want to go and Really, I could barely even read a newspaper, I just wanted to be quiet somewhere. I joke about it with my wife sometimes and she’s says, ‘Yes, Dave. The crazy thing about was. I was like, ‘Aw, I just want to go and rest on the beach somewhere’. Well here is the problem, that 2 months later I was bouncing off the walls and my wife was like, ‘Would you get out of the house and go start another business’. You know she jokes with sometimes she’s says, â €˜You know Dave like if you ever ended up on a beach somewhere, yeah that would be great for about 2 weeks and then after that you’d probably selling people umbrellas, like you’d be the guy organizing all the people on the beach for massages’. And it’s true, there comes a point where you’re just I think as an entrepreneur that this was the sad part and it was also a really defining moment for me was realizing that I have this curse, do you know what I mean?Martin: I totally understand.Dave: That you are, okay, it’s just a part of my personality that, I love people, and I love being of service to them, and like I just really have a hard time being lazy. I have a really hard time not doing anything, and I need something to keep me busy, and I love building things like this. I love getting people together and having a shared vision and building interesting things. And so that was enough to be able to then restart the next business, we built a company called Sputnik in the wifi router space and that company is still actually going strong.FOUNDING TECHNORATI In San Francisco, we meet Dave Sifry, the founder of Linuxcare, Technorati, and other companies. Dave describes his background and very exciting entrepreneurial path and learnings.The transcript of the interview is provided below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi today we are in San Francisco with Dave from Technorati. Dave, who are you and what do you do?Dave: My name is Dave Sifry and I am the founder and have done a bunch of different jobs over in Technorati.Martin: Okay.Martin: Please introduce yourself and tell us a little bit about your background, what you did before you started this company.Dave: Sure. So, I grew up in Long Island, a suburb of New York and I grew up with just two terrific parents, both of them who were teachers. And I think that that actually brought out this they taught something to me around the joy of watching somebody’s lights go on, like watching them when they really get something and that was really something I enjoyed. But at the same time I was also a very n ervous and geeky kid.So my dad as a teacher one summer brought home my first computer which was a commodore pet, the big metal computer with the chicklet keyboard and literally a cassette tape drive. And he said, ‘You know, I am bringing this home so it doesn’t get stolen’, because he worked Bushwick which was not a very good neighborhood. Nowadays, it’s actually great neighborhood in Brooklyn but back then it was not a terribly good neighborhood and they had security guards on the doors in the schools and so on. So he brought it home and said, ‘Go do whatever you want with it’. And I was fascinated, I mean I just took to it and it spent the entire summer just teaching myself how to program Basic. And I wrote my first programs and you can get that incredible sense of just like what does it feel like to build something by yourself and sort of be the master of that little world and that was great and I really enjoyed it and got a number of different computers.When I got in to high school, I got social again, like I really wanted to be able to go out and engage with the world. And I realized that wow, like there are all these skills, these things that I can do where I can help people, they would come to me and they was like, ‘Oh we have these consulting projects like could you build this for me or build that for me’? For them I could imagine they were probably thinking of, ‘I got this high school and he’s building this thing that I would have to spend thousands of dollars on, I give him a few hundred dollars’. And for me I was like, wow, this is fabulous, this is more money than I have seen, than my parents have ever given me. And so I got really bitten by the entrepreneurial bug.In college I studied computer science down at Baltimore and during the summers and even during the year like I would have a computer consultant business on the side just to be able to pay the bills and pay my way through college and that was fabulous like really just enjoyed it. Just loved selling, I loved being able to help people solve their problems and it was great having a skill that for me was easy and fun and that for other people like they were getting a tremendous amount of value from it.And when I got out of college I went to my first big company where I went to work for Mitsubishi Electric in Japan and I spent there about three and a half years being the first foreigner in my factory in 17 years so it was like me and 4,700 Japanese people. And that was a fantastic experience just in a different way to be able to see what it’s like to live in another culture and to learn to speak Japanese and to see how other people live. But also on the other side it really thought me, ‘Oh, so this is what working in a big company is like’. And I realized that that was just really unsatisfying for me. I love to be able to participate in decisions and see what I was doing and how it directly affected people.And also this was like the early 1990s and you know you would hear about all these magical places and a place called Sunnyvale, and Oakland, and Walnut Creek or these places that just fired the imagination; Cupertino, Mountain View, San Francisco. Just the names of it just sounded fabulous. I knew that I wanted to come out here and went in and worked on Wall Street for about a year when I got back from Japan but that was all just a launch pad for me, like I just knew, like it was fabulous and it was great to learn something about how the market worked but all I really wanted to do was to get out here and so I came out here in 1995. My impression of Silicon Valley at the time by the way was Santa Cruz, which if you know anything about Silicon Valley, it’s sort of like, that’s way over the hill, the hippy dippy place back then. But it was great place to just at least get settled and to learn what’s going on.I get very heavily involved in the open sourced company, particularly around Linux and other open source soft ware. So, by getting involved with that community and then reallyâ€"relatively early day, I got to know a lot of those people like, Linus Torwalds. Whenever he would come into town we would have like a user group meeting. And then as Linux was taking off, my first business it started from the consulting that I was doing, found 2 partners and we thought like let’s go and let’s go build a business together based on this, Linux based open sourced VPN system. Which now a days people think, ‘Oh, VPN sure. But back then in 1995 people were like, ‘What’s a VPN and what’s this Linux thing? And you don’t pay for it And how you guys going to make money,’, and sorts of big questions that no one really understood and could explain well. And that business didn’t really do well, but what we learned from it was we learned a tonne just about banging on doors and how to write a business plan. I mean, we ended up writing a business plan that was about that thick. And what I realized afterwards was: wow, we spent all this time writing a business plan and not very much time actually running a business; and that you can really get caught up in this idea of, ‘Ooh, we need to figure out who all of our customers are going to be, and what the competitive market place is, and how are we going to do product marketing, and then not actually ever any of that stuff. So, the other half of this was to learn that the best business plans are literally ones that I can write on the back of a napkin. Because if you can articulate your value proposition that clearly you’ve probably got something that’s going to be really interesting.But back then we didn’t know; we were kid’s; we were just figuring all this stuff out and so that business was just called Secure Remote, really justâ€"it failed. But we got to know a lot of people in the valleyVery interestingly, so this was in around September of 1998, so my two friends and I who were pretty heavily involved in Linux commu nity realized, ‘Wow, you know what, it’s too late, we missed the boat on this particular product’. Big companies like Cisco were coming out with competitive products and so we said, ‘How about insteadâ€"like what it is that we are 6-9 months ahead of everything else and that we think we could actually build a business around’ and so we were all kind ofâ€"like literally we were standing in the parking lot of one the VCs here on Sand Hill road and after very nicely having our hats handed to us again like, ‘We love you guys but we just don’t see what the business is’.FOUNDING LINUXCAREAnd one of my partners said, ‘What about service for Linux, there is nobody that is out there that’s doing Tech Support or professional services or any of that stuff for this operating system?’ He was an old Apple guy and so essentially what he said was like, ‘How come there is no Apple care for Linux’ And all three of us looked at each other, we were like, ‘Oh my God, of cours e’ and so on that day Linuxcare was born. And that company was the exact contract where I remember we had, I mean we spent maybe a week re-writing some of the business plan and so now the business plan is this thick. And we’re just thinking, look it’s service and support for all things Linux. We knew all of the people who were involved in the community and we went to go, ‘Okay we are going to do a big launch’. We went and talked to our first PR agency just as a vendor and right as were done the woman who ran the agency, a woman who named Melody Holler said, ‘Okay I am going to take my PR agency hat off and I’m going to put my investor hat on, are you guys looking for money?’ And we all looked at each other, we’re like, ‘Oh my God’. Like we’ve been out there for like the last 2 years trying to pitch this business and we’re not even trying to pitch you and you are trying to come and give us money and that’s the power of when you have a good idea that has re al value that is timed well. A lot of that is luck and a lot of that is opportunity, like I believe that people fundamentally get the same amount of luck, I mean that’s the definition of luck, it’s random but the people who are lucky are the ones who are prepared to do something with that. And so at the time we were prepared like we had learned from that failure before, ‘Okay, here’s what we do and here’s how we jump on it’. And within a few months we had raised five and a half million dollars from Kleiner Perkins, one of the premier Venture Capital firmsâ€"Martin: Before Launching orâ€"Dave: This is before launching.Martin: Wow, not too badDave: Absolutely. We were running around, the three of us like running around with this big check book, just five and a half million dollars and hiring all of our friends, people who we knew would be really great at this and that business really took off. It did very well and to the point in fact where we were growing so fast we had s o many customers that we had to bring some outside management because the three of us were just like None of us had ever really run more than you know 5 or 6 person company at the time. So, long story short we ended up hiring a CEO who was a professional CEO who really was the wrong guy, just not the right guy for our company. And it was a good thing to learn there too around, how do you deal with a board? And when you have investors, how do you build relationships with your investors? How do you get to know your investors even before they become investors? And that was again a very common mistake I’ve learned like a lot of people make these mistakes and we need to learn then the way and the company grew from literally three of us to 480 people in 18 months.Martin: Wow!Dave: Yeah it was crazy. And we were just out growing everything and the company was just going like gangbusters and then crash hit in April of 2001. And we had filed for our IPO, we were ready to go out and you kno w it was crazy. And we had a bunch of internal stuff that happened as well with that CEO and I’m not going get into all the details, but suffice to say that the company did not IPO. So, what we had to do then was go through the downsizing. While it’s an incredibly painful experience, I mean we had to personally let go of a number of people who I really deeply cared for, it’s just one of those things that you have to learn if you’re going to be build a business around. How do I set things up so that number one, the organization that we are building is going to be one that is going to be building revenue and building profits and it’s going to really sustain itself; and then number two, when business conditions change, how do you make that hard decision. So, how do you set up relationships in advance so that people will understand, ‘Look we’re friends and I love you and I want to spend time with you and I had a great time with you but also we’re in business together, so we need to be careful thatâ€"I don’t want the friendship to be destroyed because of any potential business things that happened’. So anyway, that was a great opportunity, I was CTO there and I got to meet some fabulous people who really really worked hard to build that company up. And I left there in about 2002 and took a little bit of time off, because that was a real burn out experience. I have met a lot of entrepreneurs who have been through this, where even when you have a successful exit you just get really physically, mentally and spiritually drained. And I think that’s what happened for me as well.So, I took a bit off time of and I was like, ‘That’s it, I am done, I don’t want to be an entrepreneur anymore, I just want to go and Really, I could barely even read a newspaper, I just wanted to be quiet somewhere. I joke about it with my wife sometimes and she’s says, ‘Yes, Dave. The crazy thing about was. I was like, ‘Aw, I just want to go and rest on the beac h somewhere’. Well here is the problem, that 2 months later I was bouncing off the walls and my wife was like, ‘Would you get out of the house and go start another business’. You know she jokes with sometimes she’s says, ‘You know Dave like if you ever ended up on a beach somewhere, yeah that would be great for about 2 weeks and then after that you’d probably selling people umbrellas, like you’d be the guy organizing all the people on the beach for massages’. And it’s true, there comes a point where you’re just I think as an entrepreneur that this was the sad part and it was also a really defining moment for me was realizing that I have this curse, do you know what I mean?Martin: I totally understand.Dave: That you are, okay, it’s just a part of my personality that, I love people, and I love being of service to them, and like I just really have a hard time being lazy. I have a really hard time not doing anything, and I need something to keep me busy, and I lo ve building things like this. I love getting people together and having a shared vision and building interesting things. And so that was enough to be able to then restart the next business, we built a company called Sputnik in the wifi router space and that company is still actually going strong.FOUNDING TECHNORATIDave: And then as a side project to that like I started blogging and this was very early days of blogging, I mean this was 2003, 2004. And I remember it was over Thanksgiving weekend in 2003, that my two partners were both going off on their different adventures: one was travelling somewhere, and another going somewhere else, visiting family. And I thought, ‘Okay I’m going to take a little vacation too’. And the one thing that was always interesting to me was this idea of search and so I thought, ‘I wonder how hard it would be to build a search engine for blogs. So I had my DSL connection back home, I think it was like a 128k ISDN connection and I had two computers that I had bought off of Ebay for like $100 each, that were sitting in my basement and I thought, ‘Okay, you know what let’s go try it out’. And literally, I was like: What do I call it? And I went searching on network solutions, on one of the domain panes. I was looking for digerati, because you want to be able to see like what’s going with the digerati, well that one was already taken, digerati.com, .org. So I thought, ‘Well what’s some word to that, I don’t know, Technorati!’ and so there it was! Six dollars and ninety nine cents and I was like, ‘Great, Okay’ so I bought it and that’s how Technorati was born. It was literally just my little science project of, I wonder what it would be like to build a new kind of search engine, one that’s based around this real time web. It kind of surprised me like it just sort of took off to spite me. I mean I told a few friends about it and of course what happens when you tell a blogger anything and they like it, theyâ €™re going to blog about it, they’re going to yell from their rooftops, they’re going to talk about how awesome it is, and their also going to talk about it sucks and how they hate it, but it doesn’t matter, they’re going to talk right. So it’s an interesting place to be sort of that search engine where, this is the place where they all came to so that they’re yelling out into the void: Did anybody say anything? Did anybody respond back? And so it became very quickly a pretty go to service for these bloggers, a very small group. And that was cool, it was nice and weekends for me, that kind of stuff. But what happened was one day I was sitting in my basement And just to give you an idea of my office, have you ever seen the Harry Potter Movies?Martin: Which one?Dave: The first one, the first Harry Potter movie. There is cupboard under the stairs that Harry lives in, like that’s his room, well that’s my office, that was my office at my house at the time. And I am down t here with my dog and the two servers running off the DSL line and I get a phone call and they said, ‘Hi this is so and so from AOL’ and he says, ‘We here at AOL, we love Technorati’ and I am like, ‘Thank you’. I mean if you remember this was like when AOL had their keywords everywhere they were on billboards, I mean it was pretty crazy, they’d just bought Netscape if you remember this? And he says, ‘yeah’, he says, ‘look, we are doing this AOL blogging platform called AOL journals’ and he goes, ‘And I’d love, we’d just love for you and your team to come down and visit with us and maybe we can have a talk about doing something together’. And I am like, ‘Uhhh’ and I look down at my dog and my dog is sort of licking himself and I’m like, ‘Uhâ€"The dogâ€"we’reâ€"well the team is kind of busy right now’.Martin: But I can come alone.Dave: But I’ll tell you what, how about I’ll come down, I’ll drive down, we’ll set up a meeting?’ He was l ike ‘Great, fabulous’. So I drive down there to Mountain View to the old Netscape campus which is nowâ€"I guess it was then the Facebook campus, now I am not sure what it is butâ€"thatâ€"on Middlefield Road. I come down there and I walk in and I meet the guy from AOL, and walks in13 other people from AOL. And they’re all introducing each other, so they are all handing each other cards and I’m like What is going on? And the guy sits down, he says, ‘Okay, this is Dave from Technorati, we are so happy and we welcome everyone, we’re going to talk about searchanable journals’ And I notice there was like one guy there from Netscape search. Now if you remember thisâ€"but like Netscape searchâ€"these guys made Yahooâ€"they created Google, this was huge. And he says, ‘Yeah, so we would love to work with you on this product and we’re big fans of yours, like we want to do it’. And I am like, ‘Look no offence, right? Thank you. But that guy over there with Netscape search on his card, like he’s probably forgotten more about how to run a search engine, than I have ever learned, like why are we talking about this’. And he goes, ‘No, no, no’. He says, ‘You don’t understand’. He says, ‘Because here at AOL we don’t want to be a wild garden anymore, we want to be a part of the bloggers sphere and for that we need to be in Technorati, we need to be doing a deal with you’. And I was like, ‘Okay’.And I came home that night, I drove home like in a fog, like driving up 280 and I am driving home going, ‘What just happened?’ like he just basically just put a business model in my lap and I realized Oh my God. This was before Amazon web services and Elastic cloud and all that stuff, it was like, ‘Oh, crap , I’m going to have to buy a lot of servers and a lot of coolers and a lot of networking, we’re going to have to like hire up. And fortunately at the time, I had a number of Venture capitalist and who at that point I’d gotten to know a little bit better and so I called up and some fabulous angels, I mean people like Reid Hoffman who was at LinkedIn, and Joe Ettore is over at the MIT media lab now, and Ester Dyson. And it’s just like What do I do? And they’re like ‘Take some money’ and I’m like, Okay. So in that case, again, it kind of just fell into my lap in a sense. And then the process was, okay so you’ve done this before a couple of times, how do you do this in a way that’s really going to try to learn from my old mistakes but then also build something that’s going to be flexible and really have the personality thatâ€"I realized what I really wanted wasâ€"what’s the environment that I wanted to be working in for the rest of my life. Like that if I could be working here for the next 50 years that that’s the kind of place that I want to build. And I realized that like, even before I hired a single person So we took a bunch of money I mean, the money wasn’t the problem, there were lo ts of money and some fabulous VCs who came on board. But I really wanted to make sure that I understood even what my value was worth and then that my investors shared the values, fabulous people like, Andreas Stavropoulos over at DFJ who just really really agreed with the values that I had, and Ryan McIntyre who was at Mobeus at the time, Ryan is over at Founder Group now. Ryan was a founder of Excite and I was like, ‘Oh great like you have done this before, you’re next entrepreneur like please let’s work together’ to be able to then talk to my investors, not the way it was back at Linux care where I felt like they were my bosses, but instead to talk to them kind of as my peers and say, ‘Look, I don’t know what to do, please help’. Because I know that that’s something that really hurt us back at Linux care was this idea of, we have to just do it right, we have to figure out whatever it is and it’s us versus the world and instead at Technorati to be able to say, ‘ No no no, you know what, we’re all in this together’.We took some money for example from some folks at August Capital. Fabulous, fabulous group of venture capitalists, really great team there. When you come in and you sort of sit down and you do this, what they call the Monday afternoon partner meeting which is sort of like that last thing where they are all sort of figuring out, do you give you money or not. And the best advice I ever got was just be honest, like tell the truth no matter what. Because I was a first time CEO, I have never done this before.So there I am sitting at this beautiful wooden table, this huge wooden table that you are like, you put your head down on it and you’re like, ‘Oh my God, the stories that table can tell of all these amazing businesses that have gotten funded and built, I can only imagine So they’re all saying, ‘Okay, so tell us about your business. I’m like, ‘Yeah, it’s the search business and it’s taking off and could be like G oogle but I don’t know and yes I’m a first time CEO but I don’t know’ And I said, ‘Look, here’s the deal’. I said, ‘ There’s really only one thing that I absolutely I am going to stand here and I’m totally going to promise you’, because I can show you all these slides that shows the number that goes up into the right and we all know it’s bullshit. Hopefully that’s exactly how things are going to go and we’ll all be like, ‘Look how smart we are’ but these are all speculation.So I said ‘look, there’s pretty much only one thing that I absolutely guarantee will happen sometime during the course of this business and when I am CEO of this business’. So I said look, ‘Sometime during the course of your investment I am going to screw something up really badly, like I mean a whopper, like a huge one, and probably it’s going to be, we’ll have all talked about it at the board meeting, we’ll all agree not to do it and then I’m still going to do it anyway, because I feel like it’s the right thing to do and I’m just going to mess it up.’ And am like, ‘Here is my promise, my promise is, I’m never going to lie to you, my promise is that like, I’m going to do what I say and say what I do, that I will come and we’ll talk about before hand and that if at any time you guys or I feel like it’s just not the right time for me to be CEO anymore because it’s growing or whatever, like I’m happy to step aside. But pretty much, that’s the only thing that I guarantee’.And they all looked at me and they said, ‘Oh yeah, Dave, that’s exactly what’s going to happen’. They’re like, ‘Every single one of our successful investments that’s exactly what happens’.And I was like, I go, ‘And by the way, chances are I am probably going to lose your money’ and they were like, ‘We know’.And I am like, ‘Where am I? This is the craziest meeting I have ever been a part of’.But the most wonderful thing about it was at that moment, I walked out of that room a quarter of an inch off the ground. I felt like I was walking on air because I realized that, Wow, I just told these people that I was probably the worst case. Because I knew I wasn’t going to lie, and I wasn’t going to be a criminal and I wasn’t going to do anything like that, like that I knew deeply, but the thing that I was most scared of which was failing and of making a decision and having it come back on me. They were totally okay with that. And it’s an advice that I give to all entrepreneurs is that if you’re going to be working with an investor but even just with a team and you can’t accept that you’re going to make mistakes. I make more mistakes in a week than most people make in a year and it’s just like, that’s just the nature of what we do. And so you mess up and then you learn from it and then you quickly adapt. So it’s not about, ‘Oh my God, how am I going to make sure that I don’t make any mistak es?’ because if you don’t make any mistakes, you are not taking any risks but instead it’s about saying, ‘How do I create an environment where it’s okay, as long as I don’t make the same mistake twice’ like let’s make tons of new mistakes all the time.My friend Ester Dyson, that’s how she says it, she says, ‘Always make new mistakes’ and I think that’s the best advice, and then to be able to hear that thoughâ€"to be able to vocalize that with your investors and the people who are going to be sitting on my board and really feel comfortable like, ‘Yes, none of us know what the right answer is but we’re all going to jump into this together’ and that you trust me, that I can help to lead this, that was so empowering because I never felt likeâ€"and they talk about the CEO job being the loneliest job in the world. I never felt that, like I always felt like at anytime I could just call Andreas or call Andrew Anchor, or call David Hornic, or call Ryan McIntire, just say to them like, ‘I am totally lost I don’t know what to do’. And they would just be there to help and I think that Again if I was talking to an entrepreneur about that I’d be like, ‘Look, I know you are scared, it’s okay’, I heard it once, fear is like a super power just take it, use it and share it and that way you’re going to be able to become so much more powerful than if you hold it all inside.Martin: Dave, thank you very much for you time and your thoughts and your sharing of knowledge.Dave: Sure Martin, it’s great to meet you and thanks so much for coming.Martin: Thanks.

Cycle of Socialization Essay examples - 982 Words

The cycle of socialization is a process through which social identities are created, and in effect, each individual represents and is affected by their social identity. According to the cycle of socialization, the first stop in the socialization process is outside of one’s control—one is socialized even before they are born. Our social identities are predetermined, and we are born in a world with roles, rules, and assumptions already in place. Our family and role models teach these rules and roles to us, for they are the shapers of expectations, values, and norms. The first step in the cycle of socialization is directly related to mental models. In the beginning of the socialization process, we are taught certain rules and roles to†¦show more content†¦The dominant group—men, white people, upper and middle class people, and heterosexuals—are considered the â€Å"norm† and all assumptions are created off of this â€Å"norm.† The media today creates the â€Å"norm† by showing boys and men as being tough and manly, and girls and women as passive, yet also sexy and sophisticated. Also, in school we are taught that girls should not take woodworking class, and instead should take cooking or health classes. By learning these rules and roles of our gender at school and in society, we are reinforced by what we have learned at home. The article about the cycle of socialization justifies that the media, our cultural practices, and the assumptions on which our society is built â€Å"all contribute to the reinforcement of the biased messages and stereotypes we receive.† The messages from the media, culture, and our own homes have embedded in our minds what is accepted in society and how to act. In the cycle of socialization, the institutional and cultural level of socialization is enforced constantly; therefore, the people who go against societies â€Å"norms† are immediately oppressed. The results of the cycle of socialization are disturbing, for the majority of society plays their roles and simply does nothing to change the â€Å"norm.† By simply fulfilling our roles, we are ultimately reinforcing theShow MoreRelatedThe Cycle Of Socialization ( C.o )1549 Words   |  7 Pages1) Define describe the Cycle of Socialization (C.O.S), the Cycle of Liberation (C.O.L). Explain how they relate to how Hip Hop has been shaped, giving two examples from either reading and/or in class. - The Cycle of Socialization is the cycle in which shapes who we are mentally, morally, and characteristically. The first step in the COS, is the Lens of Identity. This is where the person is socialized through their own personal lens, or they are taught on a personal level. Examples of this isRead MoreCycle Of Socialization Essay710 Words   |  3 PagesHarro’s Cycle of Socialization. What have been key influences in your own socialization as a racial/ethnic being? The Harro reading notes that the cycle of socialization is a â€Å"pervasive† one (Harro, 2000, pg. 15). As such, it is expected that there will be many sides and sources involved in both facilitating and influencing this process. Upon reflection, I can say that this has indeed been true of how I have been socialized as a racial/ethnic being. In consideration of the â€Å"First Socialization† stageRead MoreEssay about The Cycle of Socialization1111 Words   |  5 Pagesbecause of the cycle of socialization. The cycle of socialization can open ones eyes to why our society has specific views of people from other cultures, races, and genders. The cycle of socialization can help us understand the current situation in our society since it is the reason for the existence and continuation of racism, prejudices, stereotypes, and oppression amongst different people. The cycle of socialization has a beginningRead MoreThe Cycle Of Socialization By Bobby Harro998 Words   |  4 PagesBobby Harro’s The Cycle of Socialization she explains the process in which one goes through to be socialized, or taught to behave in a way that is socially acceptable according to the resources that have socialized that particular person. I’m an atheist, a person who lacks belief in gods or religion. Now I wasn’t brought up that way, so how did I end up an atheist? Well through applying The Cycle of Socialization I can explain the process I went through to get to where I am today. The BeginningRead MoreAmerican History : American Beauty1360 Words   |  6 Pageswrong to create new ways of living. The Cycle of Socialization describes how a person can get stuck in the cultural norms and the the Cycle of Liberalization shows the process of someone breaking free from stereotypes and creating a new path for their life. The cycle of Socialization/ Liberation is displayed in all families. The family structure in the film American Beauty will be used as an example of the the above stated cycles. The Cycle of Socialization displays how we are born into a certainRead MoreRape Culture, Rapth, And The Cycles Of Social Justice1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe ways in which our society envisions rape culture, racism and wealth, and the cycles of socialization and liberation have been an ongoing challenge throughout history. Social justice and community is all about making the society we live in function better by providing the support and tools to help change the world. Most people understand social justice as a way of pursuing equality, but the issue is rooted within each individual and requires each individual to be a change in society. Gaining socialRead MoreSocialisation After Adolescence Essay1426 Words   |  6 PagesEssay Summary 1) Adult socialization is a time of learning new roles and statuses. 2) Peer Groups are strong socializing agents for adolescents who are still trying to find their own identity. 3) Radio, television, cinema, newspapers, magazines, music, and the Internet are powerful agents of socialization. 4) The state almost shapes our life cycle. 5) School plays a major role in socializing adolescents. It is a place of education where the individual learns to socialize with both authorityRead MoreSociology Studies On Social And Institutions Of The Individual And Groups1170 Words   |  5 Pagesa place where most of our knowledge come from. There is formal education, including reading, writing, and math skills. However, this setting also teaches and enforces morals, ethics, and values. Sociologists are interested how this setting of socialization affects other structures of society. Such as economics, culture, deviance, social movements, ect. Sociologist are also interested in the effects of socioeconomic status of students and how it affects their education. As research shows, studentsRead MoreGender Socialization Is The Aspect Of Socialization1492 Words   |  6 PagesGender socialization plays a part in pay gap within societies and America today. Gender socialization instills thoughts, behaviors, and attitudes into individuals throughout the lifespan. As a result, the outcomes of gender socialization, not only, prepares society for pay gap, but also prepares individuals to implement a gap in pay in relation to gender throughout societies. The discussion that ensues explains gender socialization and the impacts this has on, both, individuals and society in generalRead MoreCultural Autobiography : My Life Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesthe reinforcement of such roles in behaviors of other people in the society, I began to conceive how tasks were assigned differently according to gender. In article The Cycle of Socialization, Bobbie Harro points out how we are socialized to different social identities that we possess (47). Harro adds that first socialization is a process by which our families and relatives and other close members shape our â€Å"self concepts and self-perceptions, the norms and rules we must follow†¦ and the behaviors

Race As A Social Construct - 1566 Words

Rachel Marx PHL-137-01 Dr. Wolf March 17, 2017 Race as a Social Construct Charles W. Mills argues that even if there is no biological notion of race that can underwrite our social one, our social one still has some objectivity to it. He provides details for many hypothetical and real life instances in order to back up his argument. My view, along with Mills’, is that race is socially constructed, and has been socially constructed long before I even had an opinion on the topic. I will explore every avenue of what Mills offers on the topic and will formulate a further opinion based on each subject individually. Mills discusses a word with attached meaning called quace. This is a hypothetical system where you are assigned a code, such as†¦show more content†¦Along with quace, you cannot say who you truly are in the horizontal racial system because it is so randomly decided with hardly any individuality behind it. In a vertical racial system the polity and economic order are expressly structured on a hierarchical axis in which R1 R2 R3. This means there is a superior race in this system, which is those who are R1. The simple goal of the system is to give privilege to the R1s and to classify the R2s and R3s as the subordinate groups. R1s are seen as more intelligent in this racial system and we would even have the opportunity to speak of the R1s as a supremacist system. With this system, you can identify yourself because there are so many distinctions between classes, however, you cannot identify yourself in the exact same way as race. You cannot identify yourself in this way because to the eye we cannot distinguish if someone is an R1, R2, or R3 as easily as the way we could if they were Caucasian, African American, Asian, etc. Mills next discusses objectivism. This suggests the independence of what we choose and what we believe. Within objectivism, there is realism and constructivism. Starting with realism, it can be defined as viewing that it is objectively the case that there are human races. For instance, we know that there are multiple and specific human races attached to human beings. Digging deeper on the meaning, constructivismShow MoreRelatedRace as a Social Construct646 Words   |  3 PagesRace as a social construct An imagined concept with real consequences The concept of race is fundamentally a social construct. It is based on a notion of difference, of ‘otherness’, ‘blackness’, ‘whiteness’, identity, nationalism and multiculturalism. ‘Race’ matters, as despite being biologically disputed, its social impact is immense. Despite being an unreal social construct, it is real in its consequences. It affects life prospects and influences health, wealth, status and power. As such, a criticalRead MoreRace As A Social Construct1057 Words   |  5 PagesRace as a social construct refers to a group that is socially and culturally defined on the basis of physical criteria. During European colonisation, Europeans came into contact with people from different areas of the world and after speculating the physical, cultural and social differences between the groups; these groups were placed in races. By defining racial classifications, racism ensues. Racism is discriminating, exerting prejudice and o r power over a group or individual based on the beliefRead MoreRace As A Social Construct1087 Words   |  5 PagesThe concept of race is an ancient construction through which a single society models all of mankind around the ideal man. This idealism evolved from prejudice and ignorance of another culture and the inability to view another human as equal. The establishment of race and racism can be seen from as early as the Middle Ages through the present. The social construction of racism and the feeling of superiority to people of other ethnicities, have been distinguishably present in European societies asRead MoreRace as a Social Construct Essay891 Words   |  4 PagesRace as a Social Construct Omi and Winant’s discussion from â€Å"Racial Formations† are generally about race being a social construct and is also demonstrated in the viewing of Race - The power of an illusion. Omi and Winant have both agreed that race is socially constructed in society. Ultimately this means that race is seen differently in different societies and different cultures. Media, politics, school, economy and family helps alter society’s structure of race. In the viewing , also mediaRead MoreEssay on Race as a Social Construct1635 Words   |  7 PagesRacialization, to differentiate or categorize according to race, is still prominent in todays society. Race, a social construct, was created by society. There is no gene in the human body that defines what race you are, therefore, it is only an idea that individuals came up with. Yet, people in todays society still categorize individuals by their race and stereotype individuals by what race they most resemble. People grow into this society with the idea embedded into their heads that the whiterRead MoreInequality: Race And Racism. The Race Is A Social Construct1371 Words   |  6 PagesInequality: Race and Racism The race is a social construct that has real life consequences. The race is a fiction created by the dominant part of the society in order to legitimize their supremacy on those they wish to regulate. Racism: a term that was first coined by the Nazis in the 1930s in their attempt to make Germany clean of Jews . The race is a social construct that has both biological and cultural aspects but not based on scientific truths. The origin of the racial differences can be trackedRead MoreRace Is A Biological Reality Or A Social Construct?1566 Words   |  7 PagesI used to think that race was a social construct more of a biological reality until I read all these articles. They changed my perspective and I have come to realize different things. My opinion is now divided into two; I am in that middle point where I can see both ways of the argument as valid and reasonable and agree with both. First, I will explain why I think it is a biological reality, then, I will explain why it can also be a social construct, and lastly how have these debates shaped the viewsRead MoreSocial Construction Of Race And Gender1529 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Construction of Race and Gender, Patriarchy and Prejudice and Discrimination in the Society Social construct may be defined as the social mechanism or a category which has been created by the society. It may either be a perception which is created by an individual or an idea which is constructed as a result of the culture. The present society has created a large number of constructs which are not good. In this paper, the discussion will be done on the social construction of raceRead MoreDebating Sex and Gender and After Identity1486 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrate how sex, gender, and race are all social constructs. Do you agree or disagree with her argument, and why? Concepts of sex, gender and race in English language have undergone uncountable naturalization and universalities, to a point that they are now considered to have always been present. There are numerous arguments that revolve around the three concepts of human diversity. Dr. Warnke for example argues that the three concepts above are social constructs (Warnke 153). This paper isRead MoreDebating Sex and Gender and After Identity1479 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrate how sex, gender, and race are all social constructs. Do you agree or disagree with her argument, and why? Concepts of sex, gender and race in English language have undergone uncountable naturalization and universalities, to a point that they are now considered to have always been present. There are numerous arguments that revolve around the three concepts of human diversity. Dr. Warnke for example argues that the three concepts above are social constructs (Warnke 153). This paper is

The work of Langer Rodin Free Essays

To explore the effects of decision-making and responsibility on residents in a nursing home, Langer and Rodin gave residents a houseplant. Residents were to make all the decisions about when and how much to water and how much sun to give their plant. Resident in the experimental group were also given other choices such as where they would prefer to receive visitors, whether they wanted see the weekly movie and which evening they wanted to attend (a movie was played on Thursdays and replayed on Fridays), etc. We will write a custom essay sample on The work of Langer Rodin or any similar topic only for you Order Now A comparison (control) group were also given plants but told that the nurses would take care of them. Those in this group were not encouraged to make decisions for themselves but were told that staff was there to help them. Issues were as similar as possible with the experimental and comparison groups except for the distinctions about who was in control and responsible for decisions. The researchers used various behavioural and emotional measures to judge the effect of the encouragement, for example, participation in activities at the nursing home, how happy the residents felt and how alert and active the residents were. Clear and dramatic improvement was made in the group given more responsibility. Eighteen months after the study the researchers returned and again performed the outcome measures. The residents who had been given more responsibility were still significantly more active, vigorous and sociable than those in the comparison group. The experimental group also asked more questions during a lecture that Judith Rodin gave. During this return trip physical health was measured. Prior to the study the two groups had been in similar health based on their medical records. However, eighteen months later the health of the experimental group had improved while that of the comparison group had worsened. The most striking discovery was mortality rate. Only seven of the 47 residents in the experimental group had died whereas 13 of the 44 residents in the comparison group had died (15% versus 30%). These results have been confirmed by much research since the time of the original experiment. To improve this experiment they could have looked for other areas where choice can be given back to residents such as dining, bathing, and placement of personal items in their room. Record the outcomes. Watch to see if over time there are changes in activity participation, alertness and affect of residents. As this experiment proceeds it would be good for staff to discuss amongst themselves how to change their own perspective to maximize residents’ sense of independence, freedom and involvement. The relation between health and a sense of control may grow stronger in old age. This could occur through three types of processes: experiences particularly relevant to control may increase markedly in old age; the association between control and some aspect of health may be altered by age; and age may influence the association between control and health-related behaviours or the seeking of medical care. Studies show that there are detrimental effects on the health of older people when their control of their activities is restricted; in contrast, interventions that enhance options for control by nursing home patients promote health. With increasing age, however, variability in preferred amounts of control also increases, and sometimes greater control over activities, circumstances, or health has negative consequences including stress, worry, and self-blame. Mechanisms mediating the control-health relation include feelings of stress, symptom labelling, changes in the neuroendocrine an d immune systems, and behaviour relevant to health maintenance. * Work which very clearly supports Langer Rodin is that of Marmot et al (1997) and the study of civil service office workers: – Marmot et al (1997) Marmot and his co-workers devised an experiment to determine the association between adverse psychosocial characteristics at work and risk of coronary heart disease among male and female civil servants. There were self-report questionnaires provided for information on psychosocial factors of the work environment and coronary heart disease. Independent assessments of the work environment were obtained from personnel managers. Setting: London based office staff in 20 civil service departments. Subjects: 10308 civil servants aged 35-55 were examined-6895 men (67%) and 3413 women (33%). Results: Men and women with low job control, either self reported or independently assessed, have a higher risk of newly reported coronary heart disease during the follow up. Job control was assessed on two occasions three years apart, although intercorrelated, had cumulative effects in newly reported disease. Subjects with low job control on both occasions have an odds ratio for any coronary event of 95% compared with subjects with high job control at both occasions. This association could not be explained by employment grade, negative affectivity, or classic coronary risk factors. Job demands and social support at work were not related to the risk of coronary heart disease. Conclusion: Low control in the work environment is associated with an increased risk of future coronary heart disease among men and women employed in government offices. The cumulative effect of low job control assessed on two occasions indicates that giving employees more variety in tasks and a stronger say in decisions about work may decrease the risk of coronary heart disease. * Whereas the work done by Brady (1958) in the ‘Executive Monkey’ experiment completely goes against Langer, Rodin and Marmot: – Brady tested groups of monkeys to determine which were the quickest learners; they would then be chosen to take the place of the ‘Executive Monkey’. The executive monkey is then sat in a harness with its feet touching the floor allowing almost complete mobility, the non-executive monkey is sat in the other harness so that it cannot touch the floor, both harnesses are connected to a bar that in turn is attached to a pivot. A bell would sound and the exec. Monkey would have 20 seconds to get to a switch, if he did not manage to get to the switch in time, both monkeys would be given an electric shock. Brady discovered that the best way to conduct this experiment was to put the monkeys 6 hours in then 6 hours off, this was found to be the best way to stress them. Around 23 days into the experiment the executive monkey would die from stomach ulcers, due to the stress. We could argue that the monkey had the control over whether they got shocked or not and yet it still got stressed and died, which would then completely dis-prove Langer Rodin. But you could also argue that the exec. monkey got stressed from having to get to the switch and its also possible to say that the executive monkey didn’t have complete control, i.e. they couldn’t turn the electric shocks off completely, and so got stressed from having to continuously press the switch. * Weiss (1972) repeated Brady et al’s experiment but with rats this time: – He found that giving feedback on successful shock avoidance (by sounding a tone) reduced ulceration in executives to below that of the non-executive rats. The feedback tells the animal it has avoided shocks and increases its ‘sense of control’ over the situation. The non-executive animal cannot respond and lacks any control at all over what’s going on, this leads to more ulceration. == By comparing Brady and Weiss’ experiments it’s very clear to see that the idea of a ‘sense of control’ separates the two. Not as many animals will die in Weiss’ as in Brady’s, the rats don’t feel as stressed as the monkeys because they feel more ‘in control’. These studies also show the importance of control and feedback on successful coping in reducing levels of stress. How to cite The work of Langer Rodin, Papers

Religion Contract Essays - Christmas Traditions, Christmas

Religion Contract Nativity Alphabet A~ Angel B~ Bethlehem C~ Christ D~ Dawning Sun E~ Eucharist F~ Frankincense G~ Gold H~ Holy Spirit I~ Infant J~ Jesus K~ Kosher L~ Lord M~ Myrrh N~ Noel O~ Ooh Emmanuel P~ Peace On Earth Q~Queen of Bethlehem R~Rejoice S~ Sacraments T~ Three Kings U~ Universal Faith V~ Vigil W~ Wise men X~ Xavior Y~ Yondering Star Z~ Zackeriah #6 Silent Night Silent night holy night all is calm all is bright round yon virgin mother and child holy infant so tender and mild sleep in heavenly peace sleep in heavenly peace. Silent night holy night shepherds quake at the sight glorious stream from heaven afar, heavenly hosts sing alleluia Christ the savior is born! Christ the savior is born! Silent night holy night son of god loves pure light radiant beams from the holy face with the dawn of redeeming grace Jesus lord at thy birth Jesus lord at thy birth. #7 The three wise men that visited Jesus were Melchior Balthazar Gaspar #8 The gifts that were given to Jesus from the wise men were Gold Frankincense Myrrh # 12 The True Meaning of Christmas To me the true meaning of Christmas is simply not all about receiving gifts. It's a time of the year when it's Jesus' turn to be recognized. Christmas is Jesus' birthday, and this is the time where we should praise him and thank him for giving up his life for us. It is true that we should always thank him but we should really adore him at Christmas. Christmas is a time we should spend with our family and friends, for they are the people we care about most. Also everyone should attend mass to honor Jesus on this very special day. So when you think about Christmas don't think about what you are going to get but think about what you are going to give. #15 The Christmas traditions we have in my family are decorating our Christmas tree as a family. Every year we buy our tree a week before Christmas, and we decorate it when it falls. We do this as a family. I think there is no meaning behind decorating a Christmas tree with out the whole household family. Every year we also have a tradition of going to visit my grandparents at their house, and that's where we eat Christmas dinner. When we go down my grandparent's house its not just my household family down there it's the whole entire family to celebrate together. I think even when I have my own family I will always continue these traditions because they bring back memories of all the good times I have had with my family. #16 Dear journal, I'm writing today to speak on behalf of the situation of Joseph and my child that is soon to be born. I think this is the best gift a person could ever receive. Even though I ?m a virgin this still allows me to have a beautiful child. I think this is the most blessed miracle God has ever performed. T first I must admit I was shocked that I was chosen to be the mother of Jesus but, now I ?m so grateful. Sincerely, Mary #13 Christmas Christmas is a time for giving?not for receiving. Christmas is a time for sharing? not for selfishness Christmas is a time for prayer?not for play Christmas is a time for Jesus' birth? not for getting presents Christmas is a time for going to mass?not for making excuses Christmas is a time for love ?not for hatred Christmas is a time for everyone to share with the ones you love and respect. Everyone who seems just a little nicer during the Christmas season should learn from that change and keep it. Start the New Year a whole different way that you ended. Love one another, as you would like to be loved! #10 Summary of the life of saint Nicholas The legend of Santa clause began with a real person. Saint Nicholas, who lived many centuries ago. He is one of the most popular saints honored by Christians. He lived during the 4th century in lycia. There is not much known about him. Some stories say he was born in patara and traveled to Egypt and Palestine as a young man. After a while he became bishop of the church at mayra. By the 6th century his burial shrine was well known at myra. In 1087 his remains were moved to bari, Italy which became a crowed pilgrimage center in